P142 Halal Status and Consumption of Food Additives in Sarawak: Supply Chain Insights and Health Implications

Abstract

Abstract

The use of food additives in Malaysia’s food supply chain is widespread, yet limited research has examined their halal compliance and health implications in the context of Sarawak. This study investigates the types, sources, and halal certification status of selected food additives consumed in Sarawak, alongside an assessment of their potential short- and long-term health effects. Import statistics from the Department of Statistics Malaysia were analysed as a proxy for demand, supplemented with data from local suppliers, halal certification databases, and peer-reviewed literature. Results indicate that key additives—including monosodium glutamate (MSG), citric acid, benzoic acid, sorbitol, and sodium nitrate—are largely imported from China, Indonesia, Belgium, Austria, and Canada. While some additives have established halal certification through JAKIM, a significant portion remains uncertified due to insufficient origin or manufacturing data. Local supply chain mapping revealed that most suppliers cater primarily to business-to-business markets, with varying degrees of halal compliance transparency. Literature review findings highlight that certain additives, when consumed excessively, may pose health risks such as metabolic disturbances, allergic reactions, and gastrointestinal issues. The study underscores the need for enhanced halal certification monitoring, greater transparency in additive sourcing, and public education on safe consumption. These insights have implications for food safety, halal integrity, and consumer protection policies in Sarawak.