P111 A Study on Mosque Imarah through Balanced Scorecard Constructs in Selected Mosques in Kuching, Sarawak

Abstract

Mosques have historically served as centres of worship, education, community development, and social transformation in Muslim societies. However, contemporary mosque management increasingly requires systematic governance, continuous organisational learning, quality service delivery, and effective stakeholder engagement to sustain their institutional relevance. This study examines Mosque Imarah through selected Balanced Scorecard constructs comprising Continuous Learning, Mosque Governance, Worship Comfort, and Congregational Satisfaction in selected mosques in Kuching, Sarawak. The study proposes a structural model in which Continuous Learning functions as the organisational foundation that strengthens Mosque Governance, enhances Worship Comfort, improves Congregational Satisfaction, and ultimately contributes to Mosque Imarah. A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was employed using a structured bilingual questionnaire distributed among mosque committee members, mosque officers, and congregants. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed, with 300 returned and 290 valid responses retained for analysis. The instrument demonstrated excellent reliability during the pilot study involving 50 respondents. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and mediation analysis. The findings are expected to demonstrate that Continuous Learning significantly improves Mosque Governance, while Worship Comfort partially mediates the relationship between Mosque Governance and Congregational Satisfaction. Congregational Satisfaction is anticipated to be the strongest predictor of Mosque Imarah. The proposed Balanced Scorecard framework provides a practical management model for strengthening mosque administration, enhancing congregational experience, and promoting sustainable institutional development. The findings contribute to both Islamic management literature and practical mosque governance by providing empirical evidence supporting continuous organisational improvement within mosque institutions.

Keywords: Mosque Imarah, Balanced Scorecard, Continuous Learning, Mosque Governance, Worship Comfort, Congregational Satisfaction, Sarawak