P057 Islamic Values in Artificial Intelligence: Benefits, Challenges, Mechanisms, and Comparative Governance, A Scoping Review
Abstract
Purpose: The rapid diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) necessitates culturally and ethically grounded governance, particularly in Muslim-majority contexts. This scoping review examines the potential benefits, challenges, and comparative mechanisms of developing AI systems that incorporate Islamic principles and values, addressing critical knowledge gaps regarding the operationalisation of these values and their comparative efficacy against secular frameworks. Design/methodology/approach: Guided by the PRISMA-ScR framework, a scoping review was conducted. A comprehensive search yielded 309 records, supplemented by 41 records through citation chaining, totalling 350 candidate papers. Following relevance scoring, 127 highly relevant studies were included. Data were analysed using evidence charting, descriptive mapping, and thematic synthesis. Findings: The review identifies a paradigm shift from normative aspirations to mechanism-first governance. Dominant themes include Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah-based ethical grounding, the operationalisation of justice and privacy, and the imperative of human-in-the-loop oversight. While benefits such as enhanced transparency and compliance are evident in Islamic finance and public services, significant challenges persist, notably algorithmic bias, privacy erosion, and epistemic authority displacement in religious guidance. Comparative analysis reveals that Islamic frameworks offer distinctive spiritual accountability (amānah) but require stronger operational metrics to integrate with global risk-based approaches. Originality/value: This review provides a comprehensive mapping of Islamic AI ethics, transitioning the discourse from philosophical alignment to enforceable, mechanism-level governance. It offers an integrated conceptual framework for practitioners and policymakers to operationalise Islamic values into auditable AI design constraints.
