Saeed, Paiwand Hadi Hama, and Mohamad Fadli Zolkipli. “Adversarial Attacks on Biometric Systems: Vulnerabilities and Defense Mechanisms in Facial and Fingerprint Recognition”. Borneo International Journal EISSN 2636-9826, vol. 9, no. 2, July 2026, pp. 47-52, https://majmuah.com/journal/index.php/bij/article/view/995.